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## Importance of Dietary Interventions in Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome

### Overview
Among adults with moderate or severe symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), more than 70% of those who followed either of 2 dietary interventions had a statistically significant reduction in symptoms after 4 weeks compared to 58% of those receiving optimized pharmacotherapy, according to study findings published in *The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology.*

### Extended Study Results
After 6 months, when participants in the dietary change groups had partially returned to previous eating patterns, nearly two-thirds continued to report significant relief of symptoms, prompting study authors to suggest that dietary interventions might be an effective approach to first-line IBS treatment. IBS is described as a disorder of gut-brain interactions that affects approximately 4% of the adult population. Specific dietary modifications are typically used as first-line treatment with appropriate pharmacologic interventions chosen to target the most bothersome symptom.

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### Dietary Interventions and Study Design
The study, conducted by Nybacka and fellow researchers, enrolled individuals at a specialized outpatient clinic at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. A total of 1104 individuals were assessed for eligibility, with 294 participants randomly assigned to receive dietary or medical intervention in a 1:1:1 ratio. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants with a significant response to the 4-week intervention.

### Findings and Conclusions
Researchers reported that after 4 weeks, participants in the FODMAP+ diet group and the low-carbohydrate diet group experienced a significant reduction in IBS symptoms compared to those in the optimized medical treatment group. While dietary interventions proved more effective than medical therapy, all approaches reduced IBS symptom severity and improved quality of life. The study emphasizes the central role of diet in IBS treatment and the need for personalized treatment options based on individual factors.

### Future Research and Personalized Treatment
Nybacka highlighted the importance of further research to personalize the treatment of IBS and explore factors that can predict individual responses to different treatment options. The study sheds light on the effectiveness of dietary interventions in managing IBS and underscores the potential for alternative treatments beyond traditional pharmacological approaches.

### References
1. Nybacka S, Törnblom H, Josefsson A, et al. A low FODMAP diet plus traditional dietary advice versus a low-carbohydrate diet versus pharmacological treatment in irritable bowel syndrome (CARBIS): a single-centre, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. Published online April 18, 2024. Doi:10.1016/S2468-1253(24)00045-1
2. Dietary treatment more effective than medicines in IBS. News release. University of Gothenberg. April 19, 2024. Accessed April 24, 2024. [Link](https://www.gu.se/en/news/dietary-treatment-more-effective-than-medicines-in-ibs)

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